Selenium

In this tutorial, we'll get Selenium, Google Chrome, and ChromeDriver installed.

Selenium is a portable software testing framework for web applications.

Selenium provides a record/playback tool for authoring tests without learning a test scripting language (Selenium IDE). It also provides a test domain-specific language (Selenese) to write tests in a number of popular programming languages, including Java, C#, Groovy, Perl, PHP, Python and Ruby.

The tests can then be run against most modern web browsers. Selenium deploys on Windows, Linux, and Macintosh platforms. It is open-source software, released under the Apache 2.0 license, and can be downloaded and used without charge.

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Selenium WebDriver is the successor to Selenium RC. Selenium WebDriver accepts commands (sent in Selenese, or via a Client API) and sends them to a browser. This is implemented through a browser-specific browser driver, which sends commands to a browser, and retrieves results.

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selenium_(software)-wiki

We'll use virtualenv with Python3:

$ virtualenv -p python3 venv3

$ source venv3/bin/activate
(venv3)$ 

(venv3)$ pip install selenium

Check the Selenium version from Python shell:

>>> from selenium import webdriver
>>> from selenium import selenium
>>> print ("Selenium webdriver Version: %s" % (webdriver.__version__))
Selenium webdriver Version: 2.53.6

$ wget https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb
$ sudo dpkg -i --force-depends google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb

$ LATEST=$(wget -q -O - http://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/LATEST_RELEASE)
$ wget http://chromedriver.storage.googleapis.com/$LATEST/chromedriver_linux64.zip
$ unzip chromedriver_linux64.zip && sudo ln -s $PWD/chromedriver /usr/local/bin/chromedriver

(venv3)$ python
Python 3.4.3 
>>> from selenium import webdriver
>>> d = webdriver.Chrome()
>>> d.get("//www.google.com/")
>>> d.title
'Google'
>>> 

We can access the classes like this (WebDriver API):

webdriver.Firefox
webdriver.FirefoxProfile
webdriver.Chrome
webdriver.ChromeOptions
webdriver.Ie
webdriver.Opera
webdriver.PhantomJS
webdriver.Remote
webdriver.DesiredCapabilities
webdriver.ActionChains
webdriver.TouchActions
webdriver.Proxy

The following example (selenium 3.0.0b1) does:

1. open a new Firefox browser
2. load the Yahoo homepage
3. search for "selenium"
4. close the browser

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys

d = webdriver.Chrome()

d.get('http://www.yahoo.com')
assert 'Yahoo' in d.title

elem = d.find_element_by_name('p')  # Find the search box
elem.send_keys('selenium' + Keys.RETURN)

d.quit()

Selenium WebDriver is often used as a basis for testing web applications. Here is a simple example uisng Python's standard unittest library (https://pypi.python.org/pypi/selenium):

import unittest
from selenium import webdriver

class GoogleTestCase(unittest.TestCase):

    def setUp(self):
        self.browser = webdriver.Chrome()
        self.addCleanup(self.browser.quit)

    def testPageTitle(self):
        self.browser.get('//www.google.com')
        self.assertIn('Google', self.browser.title)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    unittest.main(verbosity=2)

Output:

python unit.py
testPageTitle (__main__.GoogleTestCase) ... ok

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 1 test in 12.203s

OK